The Albanian says to the Albanian himself, to his country Albania, Albania, but the people are known in the world, as it is known, as Albanais, Albanese etc., and his country as Albanie, Albania. This dual label has its own reasons. It is related to certain ethnographic circumstances, which are specific to Albania and its historical past.
Starting from the facts, it is first noticed that in Albania itself as a national name of the people owns today everywhere Albanian, as the name of the country Albania, Albanian, if they are other in the Albanian colonies that are located in the Istali and in Greece This name is not recognized.
The Albanians of southern Italy and Sicily, descendants of displaced persons from Albania during the first wars with the Turks under the banner of Gjergj Kastrioti (Skanderbeg) in the 15th and 16th centuries, call themselves and generally the people of their old homeland Arberesh, and this homeland Arber, Arber. These names are used to date and the descendants of those Albanians who were expelled a little earlier in the 14th and 15th centuries, from Albania to Greece, who also do not use their current name in Albania; They also regularly use arbëresh for “Albanian”, arbërishte for “Albanian language”, arbisht for “Albanian, in Albanian language”.
These data clearly show that today’s Albanian name, Albania, Albania, in Skanderbeg’s time had not yet come out, or it was hardly generalized, and this is still younger than the first name. This means that the old national name of the country and the people was arba, arbër, arbëresh, arbëresh. And since this name, as seen with the first glance, is identical with Albania, Albanian and so on. Mentioned above, it turns out that Albanians in the Middle Ages have called themselves as they are called today in other peoples.
This ethnographic view finds its confirmation and fulfillment on one side with some old and newest data from Albania, next to the testimony of the languages of the neighboring peoples with the Albanians, with the names of Albania and Albanians in The various European sources of the Middle Ages.
As it has been observed since the middle of last century, the country’s old name, except in the newly colonized colonies, has been preserved in Albania itself. A plain area of the western part of central Albania, which is characterized by the Kurbin down to the plains of Durres and Tirana, the area between the rivers Mat and Erzen, is also called today Arba, and mountain and arba used there for “mountains and fields “.
A village in the west of Lake Shkodra is named Arbnesh, and Arbënesh is also called the Albanian language island near the city of Zadar in Dalmatia, founded in the first half of the eighteenth century by the displaced from the sides of the village in question. Arbana is a village close to Tirana.
Meanwhile, in the southern part of the country, Arbër and Arbër are called different provinces of the mountainous area of Labije between the cities of Vlora and Gjirokastra and Delvina, and Arbëresh and Arberesh residents. In other parts of Albania, the same name, with different shapes (Arbër arbër, Arbëresh Arbëresh, Arbnuer Arbëror), is used in people with an ethnic meaning to mark Albanian in contrast to aroma or member of any other Balkan population . As it can be seen, the ancient name, in the course of time, came and covered by the new Albanian name, Albania, has survived to date throughout the various provinces of the country.
Since it has been in use nationally, throughout the linguistic territory of the Albanian language, this is evidenced among other things by popular verses such as the Dali portraits of the sides of Kosovo. There are other historical sources in the country that complement this picture for the past. In ancient Albanian literary monuments, which date from the 16th and 17th centuries, the place is regularly named Arbën, the people of arbënesh, arbëruer, and his native tongue arbënisht.
With these internal data about the national name of Albania and its people, they reconcile foreign sources, the testimony of the languages of other peoples of the Balkan Peninsula. There is also the presence of this name, which in the course of time radiated from Albania to those peoples. In the popular Serbian-Croat is called arbanas, in medieval documents of that language arbanasin. Arbananu is called him and in folk Bulgarian, Arbanas in Old Romanian, and in the aromas of Albania and Macedonia arbines, arbinesi, all reflexes of Albanian arbėsesh and its variants. By climbing to the historical sources of the Middle Ages, in the Latin-written documents of Western countries of the time before the Anjou dynasty, who had political relations with some parts of Albania, Albanians are called arbanenses, and later Albanians, and their country Albania, As it is today.
Looking at these evidences, both internal and external, with a summary look, it turns out that the early national name of the Albanian people of his country is arbër arbën with its variations, and that it has prevailed in Albania until the first centuries Of Ottoman rule.
This name is rooted in ancient times.
As it is well known, astrology and geography Claudius Ptolemy of Alexandria of Egypt in the second century of the new era marks on the world map the name of an Albano tribe and the Albanópolis town in a region of middle Albania, roughly between Durrës and Dibra Today and at the east of the Wool.
From this name Arbër Arbër is the Albanian language, a testimony, among other things, that Albanians are anas, autochthonous in today’s settlements, and that there is a continuity, a continuity of language less than antiquity.
From Arba, as has been said, the last Albanian and Albanian names have emerged in the Balkan Peninsula and other parts of Europe. Historically, this name, on Ptolemy’s common testimony, the medieval resources of the various countries and the popular popular spread in Albania, at the very least, belonged to a quarter of a population of middle Albania; It was then generalized as a national name nationwide since the time before Skanderbeg.
Regarding the Albanian name, Albania, Albania, this name of the people and the country, as it turns out above, took place during the time of Turkish rule, after the Albanian expulsion to Greece and Italy. Its proliferation as a national name and the disappearance of the old name as such has a connection with the ethnic and social movements of the people during the Middle Ages and the first Turkish period, with internal shifts, with new tribesmen forming in those historical periods, But the concrete impetus for such a substitution can not be pursued.
Only one thing can be said with great probability that Albanian at the beginning of the time was the name of the language. This, as such, has probably been using the most, perhaps in parallel with the name Arbër Arburi as an ethnic name, and then there will be extended scope of use, including the people of the country. It is thus seen that the oldest Albanian writer known, John Buzuku of 1555, besides Arbanit “in Albania” has Albanian “in Albanian language”; As well as Pjetër Budi (1621) in Albanian, Pjetër Bogdani (1683) speaks Latin and Albanian grammar. The ethnic use of this name around 1700 had taken root, because in the decisions of the Provincial Council of 1706 alongside Arbėni “Albania” and Arbëneshi “Albanėt” also comes Albanian language. The idea that the Albanian name had existed in northern Albania since the XIV century, and be identical with the family name Schivipudar, Schepuder, Schapudar, Scapu- derer of a town of Drishti near Shkodra mentioned about 1368-1402 in the archives of Ragusa , Remains a hypothesis that deserves to be traced further.
Finally, with the source of two names, arbën also Albanian, it is important to remember that many names of the old and newest peoples, known by history, remain the meaning of the ignorant source. A necessary prerequisite in this field of research is the finding of the final form of the respective name. In this regard, the old national name of the Albanians can be said with certainty that in its two forms, arb- and alb-, the first is a genuine form, as it emerges from the local testimonies along with the Balkan popular testimonies The above considerations. Hence, searching for an albino root with the alleged “mal” meaning of comparison with the top names of Alba-Italy and other territories, with the name of the Alps, etc., do not have a solid foundation. Starting from the arb-form, and from the meaning “field, plain,” which is preserved in the mountain above mentioned, we can approach this name with the latin arvum “field, ground, field”, greek Old aroura “field, loaf of land”, with the word celtic of middle irish irish arbor, the arbanna “cereal” sum. Arbën’s name may also have an ancient connection to the name of the Arbe Island of Dalmatia.
Regarding the Albanian, Albanian, Albanian, Albanian, where the verb has come out, I say “Explain, clarify” the popular language, this name remains with suspicious fountains. Thoughts that came from the name of the Albanian, having the Albanians their name from this bird, since Skanderbeg’s time, pointing to the other is this name in the words of Plutarch, that Pirro after the victory he harvested On the Macedonians was celebrated with the “eagle” epithet, does not seem to resist criticism if we start from the two names.
Indeed, to the old Albanian authors, Albanian, written in this form, is distinctly distinguished from the name of the bird, written in them regularly, which shows that we are dealing with two different words. It is not convincing to approach the “mullar bar” stack, with the premise of an early meaning “bunch, people”.
Suspicious are the other interpretations of this name, he as a “resident of the fires, mountains” and he as a “rifleman” from the new greek skippetto (n) “rifle” (that of the Italian schioppetto), a word that is proven to Greek first With the XVI-XVII century. Unbelievable remains the explanation of the Latin word excipio; The Latin word does not mean, “I understand,” as they have said, are “picking; Lay on one; rule; accept”. Thus, ending up, the work of the Albanian word source remains a matter of course.
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